Understanding Temporal and Infrared Thermometers
To check your head temperature, you'll primarily use a temporal artery thermometer, which can be either a contact or non-contact infrared device. These devices are popular because they are fast, convenient, and non-invasive, making them a good option for all ages, especially for children. The technology works by measuring the infrared heat given off by the temporal artery, a blood vessel that runs just below the skin on your forehead. However, it's important to remember that readings can be affected by external factors, and a forehead reading is generally considered less accurate than a rectal temperature.
How to use a temporal (contact) forehead thermometer
Using a temporal thermometer that requires contact with the skin involves a simple, quick process. Following these steps ensures the best possible reading:
- Preparation: Make sure the thermometer's sensor head is clean. The forehead should be clean and dry. Avoid taking a temperature immediately after a hot shower, eating, or heavy exercise, as this can affect the reading.
- Placement: Place the sensor head in the center of the forehead, touching the skin, right between the eyebrows.
- Scan: Slowly slide the thermometer in a straight line across the forehead towards the hairline above the ear, keeping it in constant contact with the skin.
- Read: The thermometer will typically beep or signal when the reading is complete. Remove the device and check the temperature on the display screen.
How to use a non-contact infrared (no-touch) forehead thermometer
For maximum hygiene and convenience, many prefer the no-touch version. This type of thermometer also uses infrared technology but does not require skin contact.
- Preparation: Ensure the individual has been indoors at room temperature for at least 15 minutes before taking a reading.
- Aim: Aim the probe at the center of the forehead, holding it within the manufacturer's specified distance, usually less than 1 inch (2.5 cm) away.
- Measure: Press the measurement button and hold the thermometer steady until the device vibrates, beeps, or otherwise signals that the reading is complete.
- Read: The temperature will appear on the digital display. The entire process takes only a few seconds.
Factors that can influence forehead temperature readings
While convenient, forehead thermometers are susceptible to a few common errors. Be mindful of these factors to ensure accuracy:
- Sweat and Moisture: Perspiration can cause a lower reading. Ensure the forehead is dry before taking a temperature.
- Environmental Temperature: Exposure to very hot or cold conditions, or direct sunlight, can significantly skew results. Wait 15-20 minutes after coming inside from the cold before taking a reading.
- Proper Technique: The angle, distance, and motion of the thermometer are critical. Always follow the manufacturer's instructions exactly to get a reliable result.
- Fever Strips: Note that reusable plastic strip forehead thermometers are not accurate and are not recommended for reliable temperature checks.
Comparison of Thermometer Types
It's useful to understand how forehead thermometers compare to other options, especially regarding accuracy.
| Thermometer Type | Target Area | Key Advantage | Relative Accuracy | Common Age Range |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Temporal (Forehead) | Temporal Artery | Fast and non-invasive | Generally good, but can be affected by external factors | All ages |
| Rectal | Rectum | Most accurate measure of core body temperature | Gold Standard | Newborns and young children |
| Oral (Mouth) | Under the tongue | Accurate for cooperative patients | Reliable, but affected by recent food/drink | Children over 5 and adults |
| Tympanic (Ear) | Ear Canal | Very fast, few seconds | Can be accurate if probe is placed correctly | Children over 6 months and adults |
| Axillary (Armpit) | Armpit | Safest, but least accurate | Least reliable, mostly for screening | All ages, used for initial screening in infants |
When to Seek Medical Attention
While monitoring a fever at home is common, it's important to know when to seek professional medical advice. For healthy adults, a fever is generally not dangerous unless it exceeds 103°F (39.4°C) or is persistent. However, specific symptoms can indicate a more serious issue.
Seek immediate medical attention if a fever is accompanied by:
- Stiff neck or severe headache
- Confusion, delirium, or extreme fatigue
- Difficulty breathing or chest pain
- Seizures or loss of consciousness
- Unexplained rash
- Painful urination
- Persistent vomiting
It is especially critical to monitor newborns and young infants closely. For a baby under 3 months old, any fever above 100.4°F (38°C) should prompt an immediate call to a doctor, regardless of how the temperature was taken.
Conclusion
Checking your head temperature using a temporal artery thermometer provides a quick and convenient snapshot of your body's temperature. By following proper technique, such as starting in the center of the forehead and moving toward the hairline, you can get a reliable reading. While not the most accurate method compared to a rectal thermometer, it offers a non-invasive option for routine monitoring. Always be aware of the external factors that can influence the reading and, when in doubt, especially with infants or concerning symptoms, consult a healthcare professional for guidance. The key to accurate monitoring is using a reliable, modern device and understanding its limitations. More detailed information on temperature measurement can be found from trusted sources like HealthyChildren.org.
