What is C-Reactive Protein (CRP)?
C-reactive protein (CRP) is a protein produced by your liver that increases in your bloodstream when there is inflammation in your body. This inflammatory response is triggered by your immune system to protect and heal against infection, injury, or illness. Measuring CRP levels in the blood helps doctors detect and monitor inflammation.
Common symptoms associated with elevated CRP
Since elevated CRP is a marker of inflammation rather than a direct cause of symptoms, how you feel depends on the underlying condition. However, common symptoms linked to the inflammation causing high CRP include:
- Persistent fatigue: Feeling unusually tired despite rest.
- Unexplained aches and pains: Muscle or joint pain and stiffness.
- Low-grade fever and chills: Indicators of an inflammatory response, often during infection.
- Unexplained weight loss: Can occur with persistent inflammation leading to reduced appetite.
- Nausea or digestive issues: Stomach upset or loss of appetite may accompany inflammatory conditions.
Acute vs. Chronic Inflammation and CRP
Symptoms can vary based on whether inflammation is sudden (acute) or long-lasting (chronic). A high-sensitivity CRP (hs-CRP) test can offer more specific insights, which can be found in the {Link: Verywell Health article https://www.verywellhealth.com/what-to-do-when-your-crp-is-high-1745794}.
What triggers elevated CRP?
A high CRP level indicates inflammation but doesn't identify the cause. Your doctor will likely order more tests to find the source. Common triggers for high CRP include:
Infections
Acute infections, particularly bacterial ones, can cause a significant rise in CRP levels, making it useful for monitoring treatment effectiveness or severe infections like sepsis.
- Bacterial and viral infections
- Bone infections
- Sepsis
- Respiratory infections
Inflammatory and Autoimmune Diseases
These conditions involve ongoing systemic inflammation and can lead to consistently elevated CRP levels.
- Rheumatoid arthritis (RA)
- Lupus
- Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)
- Vasculitis
Heart Disease
Chronic, low-grade inflammation contributes to atherosclerosis. An hs-CRP test can be used to assess the risk of heart disease, heart attack, and stroke.
Other Conditions
Other factors can cause elevated CRP levels:
- Obesity and metabolic syndrome
- Diabetes
- Certain cancers
- Pregnancy
- Smoking
- Lack of physical activity
What to do if your CRP is high
If a blood test shows high CRP, consult your doctor. They will evaluate your results alongside your health history and symptoms, as high CRP is a sign of an underlying issue requiring further investigation.
- Collaborate with your doctor: Additional diagnostic tests, such as ESR or ANA tests, may be recommended to pinpoint the inflammation's cause.
- Adopt lifestyle changes: Addressing lifestyle factors can help manage chronic inflammation and may lower CRP levels, improving overall health and reducing disease risk.
- Consider an anti-inflammatory diet: Foods like leafy greens, fatty fish, and berries can help reduce inflammation, while limiting processed foods and sugar is also beneficial.
- Engage in regular exercise: Moderate exercise like walking or swimming has anti-inflammatory effects.
- Manage stress and sleep: Chronic stress and insufficient sleep can worsen inflammation. Practices like meditation and ensuring adequate sleep can help.
The long-term implications of sustained high CRP
While a temporary increase in CRP is normal, chronically high levels are concerning as they increase the risk of serious health problems. This includes cardiovascular diseases like atherosclerosis, heart attacks, and strokes, and is linked to conditions like Type 2 diabetes and certain neurodegenerative diseases.
For more detailed information on cardiovascular health risks associated with chronic inflammation, you can visit the {Link: American Heart Association website https://www.heart.org/}.
Conclusion: Interpreting your CRP results
High C-reactive protein indicates an underlying inflammatory issue. You feel the symptoms of this inflammation, such as fatigue, pain, and fever, not the CRP itself. A high CRP test is a clue for your doctor, not a definitive diagnosis. By working with your healthcare provider and adopting an anti-inflammatory lifestyle, you can manage inflammation and lower your risk of long-term complications.