Understanding the Purpose of CHG Wipes
Chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG) wipes are pre-moistened, disposable cloths that contain an antiseptic solution designed to kill bacteria and prevent infection. They are commonly used in healthcare settings for pre-operative skin preparation, daily patient bathing, and to reduce the risk of bloodstream infections in patients with central lines. Unlike regular soap, CHG binds to the skin and continues to kill germs for an extended period, which is why proper technique is so important.
Preparing for Your CHG Wipe Bath
Preparation is key to ensure the CHG wipes are effective and to prevent potential skin irritation. Follow these steps carefully:
- Consult Your Healthcare Provider: Always follow the specific instructions provided by your doctor or nurse regarding when and how often to use the wipes.
- Shower with Regular Soap First: If you need to shower before using the wipes (usually the night before surgery), do so with regular soap and shampoo. Use a clean washcloth and a fresh, clean towel to dry off completely.
- Wait for Skin to Cool: After your shower, wait at least one hour to allow your skin to cool and dry completely. Applying CHG to warm or wet skin can increase the risk of irritation.
- Gather Your Supplies: You will typically need a set of six CHG wipes for a full-body cleanse, along with clean clothing and bed linens. Do not use any lotions, powders, deodorants, or other creams after applying the CHG, as these can inactivate the antiseptic.
- Wash Your Hands: Just before starting the wipe process, wash your hands thoroughly with soap and water or an alcohol-based sanitizer.
Step-by-Step Application Guide
For a full-body application, the process is typically divided into six zones. Use one fresh wipe for each zone to avoid cross-contamination. Wipe gently in a circular or back-and-forth motion, but do not scrub harshly. The general order of application is from the cleanest areas of the body to the less clean areas.
- Neck, Chest, and Abdomen: Use the first wipe to cleanse your neck, shoulders, chest, and abdomen.
- Arms: Use the second wipe for both arms, starting at the shoulder and moving down to the fingertips, including the armpits.
- Hips and Groin: Use the third wipe to cleanse your hips and groin area, paying special attention to skin folds. Avoid the genital area and anus.
- Right Leg and Foot: Use the fourth wipe to cleanse your right leg and foot, starting at the thigh and ending at the toes. Wipe behind the knee and between the toes.
- Left Leg and Foot: Use the fifth wipe for the left leg and foot in the same manner as the right.
- Back and Buttocks: Use the final wipe for your back, from the base of the neck to the waist, and then the buttocks, avoiding the rectal area.
After the Wipe Application
After applying the CHG wipes to all designated areas, follow these crucial post-application instructions:
- Air Dry Completely: Do not rinse the solution off with water or dry with a towel. The CHG needs to remain on your skin to be effective. Allow your skin to air-dry completely, which typically takes a minute or two. A sticky feeling is normal and will dissipate.
- Dress in Clean Clothes: Once dry, put on freshly laundered pajamas or clothing.
- Use Clean Linens: If preparing for a hospital stay or procedure, use freshly laundered bed sheets and pillowcases to avoid re-introducing germs to your skin.
- No Lotions or Deodorants: Do not apply any lotions, creams, deodorants, or makeup after using the wipes, as they can interfere with the CHG's action.
- Discard Wipes: Throw the used wipes in the trash. Do not flush them down the toilet.
Comparison of CHG Wipes and Traditional Bathing
| Feature | CHG Wipes (2%) | Traditional Soap and Water Bath |
|---|---|---|
| Antiseptic Action | Provides persistent germ-killing action for up to 24 hours. | Only provides temporary cleaning; germs can repopulate quickly. |
| Infection Prevention | Proven to significantly reduce hospital-acquired infections like CLABSI. | Less effective for preventing healthcare-associated infections. |
| Convenience | No-rinse, quick, and easy to use, especially for bedridden patients. | Requires a basin, soap, water, and towels; more time-consuming for nurses and patients. |
| Allergy & Sensitivity | Rare allergic reactions are possible; avoid on open wounds. | Generally well-tolerated, but some soaps can cause irritation. |
| Safety | Avoids use on sensitive areas (face, genitals, open wounds). | Can be used on most body areas, but does not provide long-lasting antiseptic effect. |
| Residue | Leaves a slight sticky residue that goes away as the skin dries. | Rinsing removes all residue. |
Conclusion
Knowing how to properly use CHG wipes is a critical component of infection control in healthcare settings and for pre-operative preparation. By following the correct steps—from preparing your skin and using a fresh wipe for each body zone to allowing for proper air-drying—you ensure the maximum effectiveness of the antiseptic and significantly reduce the risk of infection. Always adhere to the specific instructions from your healthcare provider and be mindful of the areas to avoid, such as the face, genitals, and open wounds. This simple yet essential process plays a vital role in promoting patient safety and health outcomes.
Important Considerations and Contraindications
While CHG wipes are safe for most people, some situations require caution. If you have a known allergy to chlorhexidine, do not use the wipes. Avoid using them on infants younger than 2 months or on areas with severe skin breakdown, burns, or open wounds. For any concerns, always speak with your healthcare provider. For more information, visit the St. Jude Children's Research Hospital page on how to use CHG wipes.
