The Dinner Plate Aralia, also known by its scientific name Polyscias scutellaria or Polyscias balfouriana, is a popular houseplant prized for its large, round, glossy leaves. While it adds a touch of tropical elegance to any indoor space, its beauty comes with a potential risk to the health of your family and pets. All parts of the Dinner Plate Aralia plant contain compounds that are considered toxic when ingested, and its sap can cause skin irritation. Understanding the specifics of this toxicity is essential for creating a safe home environment.
The Science Behind Aralia Toxicity
The toxicity of the Dinner Plate Aralia and other plants in the Polyscias genus is attributed to a compound called saponin. Saponins are naturally occurring chemicals found in many plants, which can cause a range of symptoms when consumed. The term 'saponin' comes from the Latin word for soap, 'sapo,' because these compounds form a soapy lather when mixed with water. For the Dinner Plate Aralia, saponins act as irritants to the gastrointestinal tract and skin, leading to adverse reactions upon contact or ingestion.
Where are the Saponins Found?
Saponins are present throughout the entire plant, including the leaves, stems, flowers, and fruits. This means that every part of the Dinner Plate Aralia poses a risk if handled or consumed, especially by curious pets and young children. This is why exercising caution and taking preventative measures is a top priority for any plant owner.
Is Dinner Plate Aralia Toxic to Humans?
For humans, exposure to the Dinner Plate Aralia can occur through accidental ingestion or skin contact with its sap. The symptoms are generally not life-threatening but can cause significant discomfort. The key to mitigating any risk is to act quickly and appropriately after exposure.
Symptoms of Ingestion in Humans
If a human, particularly a child, ingests any part of the plant, they may experience a range of gastrointestinal symptoms:
- Mouth and throat irritation
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Diarrhea
- General gastrointestinal distress
Symptoms of Skin Contact in Humans
Contact with the plant's sap can cause a form of contact dermatitis:
- Skin irritation or rash
- Redness
- Itching
- Blisters in some cases
First Aid for Humans
If a person has ingested the plant or its sap has touched their skin, it is crucial to take immediate action:
- Ingestion: Call the Poison Control Center immediately at 1-800-222-1222. While waiting for expert guidance, you can wipe out the mouth with a cold, wet cloth and have the person drink milk or water, provided they are conscious and able to swallow.
- Skin Contact: Immediately wash the affected skin with soap and water. If a rash develops, contact a doctor or Poison Control for further instructions.
Is Dinner Plate Aralia Toxic to Pets?
For pet owners, the Dinner Plate Aralia is particularly hazardous. Cats, dogs, and horses are all vulnerable to the plant's toxic effects. Because many pets are naturally curious and may chew on houseplants, proper placement and supervision are vital. You can find more information on pet-toxic plants on the ASPCA's website: ASPCA Toxic Plants.
Symptoms in Pets (Dogs, Cats, Horses)
Upon ingesting the plant, pets may exhibit a variety of clinical signs due to the saponins:
- Vomiting
- Diarrhea
- Loss of appetite (anorexia)
- Excessive drooling
- Depression or lethargy
- Mouth irritation, indicated by pawing at the mouth
First Aid for Pets
If you suspect your pet has chewed on or ingested a Dinner Plate Aralia, contact a veterinarian or the ASPCA Animal Poison Control Center immediately at (888) 426-4435. Do not wait for symptoms to appear. The vet may induce vomiting or use activated charcoal to absorb the toxin, depending on the severity and timing of the ingestion.
Comparison of Common Aralia Plants
It is important to recognize that different Aralia plants can have varying toxicity levels, although all require caution. Below is a simple comparison of some common types:
| Plant Type | Scientific Name | Toxic to Pets? | Toxic Principle | Primary Symptoms |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dinner Plate Aralia | Polyscias scutellaria | Yes | Saponins | Mouth irritation, vomiting, diarrhea, skin rash |
| Ming Aralia | Polyscias fruticosa | Yes | Saponins | Gastrointestinal upset, skin irritation |
| False Aralia | Schefflera elegantissima | Debated, but potentially harmful | Unknown, but can cause irritation | Mild gastrointestinal upset, drooling |
How to Safely Live with a Dinner Plate Aralia
Living with this beautiful plant is possible and safe with the right precautions. The key is to manage access and be prepared for potential incidents.
- Keep Out of Reach: Place the plant on high shelves, in rooms inaccessible to pets, or use hanging planters where leaves are out of reach of curious noses and mouths.
- Monitor Your Pets: Watch for any signs of chewing or interest in the plant. Train pets to stay away from houseplants from a young age.
- Educate Your Family: Inform children and any visitors about the plant's toxicity and the importance of not touching or ingesting it.
- Use Protective Gear: Wear gloves when pruning or repotting your Aralia to prevent contact dermatitis from the sap.
- Immediate Action: Keep the phone number for Poison Control and your vet in an easily accessible location. If exposure occurs, do not hesitate to call.
Conclusion: Balancing Beauty and Safety
While the Dinner Plate Aralia is a stunning addition to any indoor garden, its toxic nature necessitates caution. The presence of saponins means that ingestion can cause unpleasant symptoms in both humans and animals, and skin contact with the sap can result in irritation. For homeowners with pets and children, proactive measures such as placing the plant out of reach and wearing protective gear during handling are non-negotiable. By understanding the risks and implementing smart safety strategies, you can safely enjoy the lush foliage of your Dinner Plate Aralia while protecting the health of your loved ones. In any case of suspected exposure, the prompt involvement of a medical or veterinary professional is always the safest course of action.
