The Science Behind "Raccoon Eyes"
For goggles to function correctly and keep water out, they must form a tight, suctioned seal around the eye sockets. This pressure is the direct cause of the marks you see when you remove them. The mechanism is a simple one: the pressure displaces blood and interstitial fluid in the soft tissue around the eyes. After you take the goggles off, it takes some time for that circulation to return to normal and for the skin to return to its original shape. For some, this process happens quickly, and the marks fade in minutes. For others, the marks might linger for an hour or more, especially if the fit was overly tight.
Are Goggle Marks a Sign of a Health Problem?
For the vast majority of swimmers, temporary goggle marks are not a sign of any underlying health issue. The slight increase in intraocular pressure (the fluid pressure within the eye) that occurs while wearing goggles is not considered harmful for a healthy eye and quickly returns to normal after the goggles are removed. This protective effect of goggles, which shields your eyes from irritants like chlorine and bacteria, outweighs the minimal risks associated with the temporary pressure increase. However, individuals with pre-existing eye conditions like glaucoma should consult a healthcare professional, as excessive pressure, even if temporary, could be a concern for them. More severe symptoms, like pain, vision changes, or lasting irritation, should always prompt a visit to a doctor.
How to Prevent or Minimize Goggle Marks
Preventing or minimizing goggle marks is largely about finding the right balance between a snug, watertight fit and minimizing unnecessary pressure. Here are several effective strategies:
- Test the Fit: Before purchasing, use the suction test. Press the goggles onto your eyes without using the strap. They should stick for a few seconds on their own, indicating a good seal without excessive pressure. A fit that relies heavily on a tight strap will increase the likelihood of marks.
- Avoid Overtightening: The strap's purpose is to hold the goggles in place, not to create the seal. Over-tightening the strap is a primary cause of deep, lasting goggle marks. Adjust the strap so it's just tight enough to prevent leaks.
- Use the Right Goggle Type: Consider larger frame goggles or swim masks, which distribute pressure over a wider surface area. This reduces the concentration of pressure on the delicate skin around the eyes, leading to fewer marks.
- Prioritize Skincare: Moisturizing the skin around your eyes before and after swimming can improve skin elasticity and help it bounce back faster. Some swimmers use a greasier or thicker moisturizer as a barrier.
- Post-Swim Massage: Gently massaging the skin around the eyes after swimming can stimulate blood flow and help alleviate the indentations and discoloration more quickly. A jade roller or cool compress can also be used to soothe the area and reduce puffiness.
Comparison of Goggle Types and Their Mark Tendency
| Goggle Type | Pros | Cons | Goggle Mark Tendency |
|---|---|---|---|
| Racing Goggles | Low-profile, less drag, secure fit for starts/turns. | Smaller, narrower gaskets concentrate pressure. | High |
| Recreational Goggles | Comfortable, cushioned gaskets, good for casual swimmers. | Larger profile may feel bulkier. | Low to Medium |
| Swim Masks | Widest field of vision, distributes pressure evenly, very comfortable. | Bulky, not ideal for competitive swimming. | Very Low |
| Swedish Goggles | Highly customizable, affordable. | No gasket, requires specific fit. | High (direct pressure on eye socket) |
What If Your Goggles Cause an Allergic Reaction?
In rare cases, goggle marks can be accompanied by an itchy rash, which may indicate an allergic reaction, most commonly to latex. Many modern goggles are made with silicone, which is hypoallergenic, but older models may still contain latex. If you experience persistent redness, swelling, or an itchy rash that doesn't fade, switch to a hypoallergenic silicone pair and consult a doctor. A dermatologist may recommend patch testing to confirm the allergy. You can find more comprehensive information on eye pressure research by reading The Effect of Swimming Goggles on Intraocular Pressure and Blood Flow of the Optic Nerve Head, an article published by the National Institutes of Health: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2628147/.
Final Takeaway: Embrace or Minimize the Marks
While goggle marks are a normal part of the swimming experience, they don't have to be a permanent nuisance. By understanding the causes—primarily pressure and goggle fit—you can take steps to minimize their impact. Experiment with different goggle styles, adjust your straps correctly, and prioritize pre- and post-swim skincare. For most, these simple strategies will ensure that the only lasting sign of your swim is the feeling of a great workout, not a set of red rings around your eyes.
