Tag: Self report

Studies show that pain is often underestimated by healthcare professionals when compared to patient reports. This underscores why understanding what is the most reliable indicator for pain is critical for effective treatment and compassionate care, despite the subjective nature of pain itself.

Habitual caffeine consumers who suddenly abstain often experience a well-documented withdrawal syndrome, with symptoms like headache and fatigue. To accurately measure these effects, researchers developed tools such as the Caffeine Withdrawal Symptom Questionnaire (CWSQ).