Tag: Topical

According to the National Institutes of Health (NIH), topical medications are a primary example of "external" medical application, specifically delivered to the skin or mucous membranes. In general, **what does external mean in medical** terminology refers to anything on, related to, or from the outside of the body.

Over 80% of adults worldwide consume caffeine daily, but its effects differ greatly based on how it's delivered. So, does topical caffeine give you energy in the same way as a morning coffee? The answer lies in how our bodies process this compound through different pathways, with skin absorption being a less direct route.

According to the Cleveland Clinic, topical anti-inflammatory creams can be absorbed by your tissues to disrupt pain and inflammation. If you're experiencing localized pain and puffiness, understanding what ointment takes down swelling is the first step toward finding relief. This guide covers the best options available and their active ingredients.

According to the World Health Organization, the route of a drug's administration is a critical factor in its therapeutic outcome. Understanding **what is the difference between local action and systemic action** provides insight into how treatments deliver their effects and manage various health conditions.