What part of the trumpet vine is poisonous?
All parts of the trumpet vine (Campsis radicans), from its leaves and sap to its flowers and seeds, are considered mildly toxic. While the plant’s beautiful, trumpet-shaped flowers are a powerful attractant for hummingbirds, its foliage and sap can cause adverse effects in humans and animals. The primary risk is a skin reaction upon contact, but ingesting any part of the plant can lead to digestive issues.
The plant has earned the alternate name “cow itch vine” because of the rashes and itching its sap can cause when it makes contact with the skin. While the toxicity is not as severe as that of some other garden plants, caution should always be exercised, especially when gardening or in households with children and pets.
The common misconception: Trumpet vine vs. Angel's trumpet
A significant source of confusion regarding trumpet vine poisoning is its name similarity to Angel's Trumpet (Brugmansia spp.), a different plant entirely. It is critical to differentiate between the two, as Angel's Trumpet is far more toxic and can be fatal if ingested due to high concentrations of dangerous alkaloids.
Campsis radicans (Trumpet Vine) is a woody, deciduous vine known for its aggressive climbing habits and reddish-orange, upward-facing flowers. In contrast, Brugmansia (Angel's Trumpet) is a tropical, tree-like shrub with large, fragrant, downward-hanging flowers in colors like white, yellow, or pink. The severe hallucinogenic effects and other serious symptoms associated with Angel's Trumpet poisoning are not typical for Campsis radicans exposure.
The risks of trumpet vine contact and ingestion
The type of reaction to trumpet vine can vary depending on whether contact or ingestion occurs. Awareness of the potential risks is the best way to prevent accidental harm.
Skin contact
For some individuals, contact with the sap from the leaves or stems can lead to a condition known as contact dermatitis. This reaction can result in:
- Itching
- Redness
- Inflammation
- Rash
This is why protective gloves are recommended for anyone handling the plant, especially during pruning. Washing the affected area immediately with soap and water can help reduce the severity of the reaction.
Ingestion by humans and pets
Ingesting trumpet vine is not known to be fatal but can cause unpleasant symptoms.
- For humans: Symptoms typically include mild digestive upset, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea.
- For pets: Animals like dogs and cats that eat the leaves may experience drooling, vomiting, diarrhea, and lethargy. While often mild, professional veterinary advice should be sought if ingestion is suspected, especially with a small pet or if symptoms persist.
Protecting yourself, children, and pets
Taking preventative measures is the safest approach when living with or near trumpet vines. Here are some key precautions:
- Educate: Ensure all family members, especially children, understand that the plant is not for touching or eating.
- Restrict access: If you have pets, plant trumpet vine in an area they cannot easily reach, or fence it off. Monitor for any attempts to chew or dig near the plant.
- Wear protective gear: When pruning, wear long-sleeved clothing, gloves, and eye protection to avoid contact with the irritating sap.
- Clean up immediately: Dispose of pruned pieces promptly to prevent accidental contact with people or pets.
Trumpet Vine vs. Angel's Trumpet: A comparison
| Feature | Trumpet Vine (Campsis radicans) | Angel's Trumpet (Brugmansia spp.) |
|---|---|---|
| Toxicity Level | Mildly toxic, primarily causing skin irritation and minor GI upset. | Highly toxic and potentially fatal if ingested. |
| Poisonous Parts | All parts, especially sap and leaves. | All parts, particularly seeds and flowers. |
| Primary Symptoms | Skin rash, itching, mild nausea, and vomiting. | Hallucinations, delirium, blurred vision, rapid pulse, and paralysis. |
| Plant Type | Woody, deciduous climbing vine. | Tropical, tree-like shrub. |
| Flower Shape | Upward-facing, reddish-orange trumpets. | Large, fragrant, downward-hanging trumpets. |
Conclusion
To answer the question, "what part of the trumpet vine is poisonous?", the answer is that all parts of the Campsis radicans plant are considered mildly toxic, with the sap being a common irritant that can cause a rash. While the effects are generally not severe or life-threatening, taking precautions is wise, especially around children and pets. By understanding the specific risks associated with the true trumpet vine and distinguishing it from the far more dangerous Angel's Trumpet (Brugmansia), you can safely enjoy this attractive climbing plant in your garden. Always consult a healthcare professional or veterinarian if you suspect a poisoning or allergic reaction.
For more detailed plant information and identification resources, consult a reliable source such as the Missouri Botanical Garden.
