Preparing Your Body and Mind for Surgery
The evening before your knee surgery is a critical time for preparation. The actions you take—and those you avoid—can significantly impact your surgical experience and recovery. By carefully following your healthcare provider's instructions, you minimize risk and maximize your chances for a positive outcome.
Follow Medical and Dietary Directives
Your surgical team will provide specific instructions for the day before your procedure, which must be followed meticulously. Deviating from these can lead to complications and, in some cases, the postponement of your surgery.
The Importance of Fasting
One of the most important rules is the restriction on eating and drinking. Your anesthesiologist will have provided a specific time after which you must stop all food and most liquid intake. The standard is often nothing by mouth after midnight, but always defer to the specific instructions given to you.
- Solid Foods: Stop all solid food intake by the prescribed time, typically 8 to 12 hours before your arrival at the hospital. Eating solid food too close to surgery can cause aspiration during anesthesia, a serious and life-threatening complication.
- Clear Liquids: You may be permitted to have clear liquids (like water, apple juice without pulp, or black coffee/tea without milk) up to a few hours before your arrival. Confirm the specific cut-off time with your care team.
Medication Management
Your surgeon and anesthesiologist should have given you clear guidance on which medications to take and which to stop. Remember to bring a list of your current medications with you to the hospital.
- Hold for Surgery: Many common over-the-counter and prescription medications, especially blood thinners (like aspirin, NSAIDs, and prescription anticoagulants) and certain supplements, must be stopped several days or weeks in advance. If you take medication for heart conditions or blood pressure, you may be instructed to take a small sip of water to swallow it on the morning of surgery.
- Confirm with a Small Sip: If cleared by your doctor to take a necessary medication on the morning of surgery, use only a tiny amount of water. Do not swallow toothpaste, chew gum, or eat hard candy, as these can also trigger a response in your digestive system.
Complete Your Final Pre-operative Tasks
To ensure a sterile surgical site and to finalize logistics, there are several key tasks to accomplish the night before surgery.
The Surgical Shower
Most surgical centers provide a special antiseptic soap (like Chlorhexidine Gluconate) and specific instructions for showering. Follow these directions exactly to minimize bacteria on your skin.
- Wash your body from the neck down, paying special attention to the surgical site.
- Use a clean washcloth and rinse thoroughly.
- Do not apply any lotions, powders, deodorants, or nail polish after the shower. The surgical team needs to monitor your skin and nail color for signs of adequate circulation during the procedure.
Last-Minute Confirmations
Check for any final calls or messages from the hospital confirming your admission time. It's also a good idea to confirm your ride to and from the hospital with a trusted adult. You will not be permitted to drive yourself home after surgery.
Prepare Your Home for a Smooth Recovery
Your post-operative comfort starts with preparation. Setting up your home environment will make your first few days home much easier.
Comparison of Pre-surgery Home Preparation
| Task | Low Effort Preparation | Comprehensive Preparation |
|---|---|---|
| Living Space | Clear a path from the bed to the bathroom. | Rearrange furniture to create wide pathways; set up a comfortable recovery station with a phone, remote, and medications within reach. |
| Meals | Cook a few simple meals in advance. | Prepare and freeze a variety of single-serving meals that are easy to reheat; pre-cut fruits and vegetables for easy snacking. |
| Clothing | Lay out loose, comfortable clothes. | Stock loose-fitting clothes in an accessible closet; ensure you have slip-on shoes for easy use. |
| Safety | Check bathroom for trip hazards. | Install grab bars in the shower and next to the toilet; secure loose rugs or remove them completely; ensure good lighting throughout the house. |
Pack Your Hospital Bag
Have a bag packed and ready to go by the door. Don't overpack; focus on essentials that will make your stay more comfortable.
- Essentials: Insurance information, identification, a list of your medications, and a copy of any pre-operative paperwork.
- Comfort Items: Loose, comfortable clothing for the trip home, slip-on shoes, personal toiletries, and a book or tablet for entertainment.
- Do Not Bring: Valuables, jewelry (including wedding rings), and excessive cash. Most of these items will need to be removed for the procedure anyway.
Focus on Relaxation and Rest
The mental and emotional aspect of pre-surgery preparation is just as important as the physical. Anxiety can lead to a restless night, which can impact your overall energy and mindset for the big day.
- Create a Calm Routine: Spend the evening in a relaxing manner. Listen to soothing music, read a light-hearted book, or watch a favorite movie. Avoid stressful topics, work, or heavy exercise.
- Prioritize Sleep: Go to bed earlier than usual. A good night's rest will help you feel more prepared and rested for the day ahead.
A Final Word Before Your Procedure
By following these steps, you are actively participating in your own care. Remember to contact your healthcare provider with any last-minute questions or concerns. Staying informed and prepared will empower you on your journey toward a successful knee surgery and a healthy recovery. For additional guidance, the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons offers comprehensive information on preparing for and recovering from various orthopedic procedures.
