Which shingles are class 4? A Comprehensive Guide to Impact-Resistant Roofing

According to industry experts, hail damage is one of the most common causes of roof insurance claims in the U.S. Knowing which shingles are class 4 is crucial, as they provide the highest level of impact resistance and can significantly protect your home from severe weather.

Quick Summary

Several leading manufacturers produce high-performance Class 4 impact-resistant shingles, which have passed the rigorous UL 2218 steel ball test to certify their superior durability against hail and debris.

Key Points

• Highest Impact Rating: Class 4 is the top rating for impact resistance under the UL 2218 test.

• Proven Resilience: To pass, shingles must withstand the double impact of a 2-inch steel ball dropped from 20 feet.

• Leading Brands: Manufacturers like GAF, CertainTeed, and Owens Corning offer multiple Class 4 shingle options.

• Superior Materials: Many Class 4 shingles use polymer-modified asphalt (SBS) for enhanced flexibility and durability.

• Insurance Savings: Installing Class 4 shingles can lead to significant discounts on homeowner's insurance premiums in many areas.

• Higher Investment: Class 4 shingles have a higher initial cost but can provide long-term savings by reducing repair frequency.

Understanding the UL 2218 Class 4 Impact Rating

The Class 4 rating is the highest and most robust designation for impact resistance in roofing materials, assigned through the standardized UL 2218 testing protocol. This test, developed by Underwriters Laboratories, simulates the effect of hailstones striking a roof at high velocity. The rating system helps homeowners determine the level of protection a shingle offers, with Class 1 being the lowest and Class 4 the highest.

The UL 2218 Test Explained

To achieve the coveted Class 4 rating, shingles must demonstrate exceptional resilience by withstanding a specific test. The process involves:

• Impact Simulation: A 2-inch steel ball is dropped from a height of 20 feet onto the same spot on a conditioned shingle sample, not once, but twice.
• Pass/Fail Criteria: For the shingle to pass, it must show no evidence of cracking or splitting upon impact. Minor cosmetic damage is permitted, but the structural integrity must remain intact.

This rigorous procedure ensures that any product carrying the Class 4 label offers maximum defense against the damaging effects of hail and other falling debris, providing peace of mind for homeowners in storm-prone regions.

Leading Manufacturers and Their Class 4 Shingles

Many reputable roofing brands offer excellent Class 4 rated shingles, leveraging advanced materials and technology to achieve superior durability. Examples include:

• GAF: Their offerings include the Timberline® AS II and Grand Sequoia® AS shingles, which use SBS modified asphalt for enhanced flexibility and impact absorption.
• CertainTeed: Products such as Landmark® ClimateFlex, NorthGate® ClimateFlex, and Belmont® IR are known for their weather-resistant properties and robust construction.
• Owens Corning: The TruDefinition® Duration Storm and WeatherGuard HP lines feature specialized backing and technology designed to withstand high-velocity impacts.
• Atlas Roofing: The StormMaster® and Pinnacle® Impact series utilize proprietary polymer blends and Core4™ Technology to provide superior strength and durability.
• Malarkey Roofing Products: The Legacy® line is another high-performance option that offers strong impact resistance.
• IKO: The Nordic™ shingles are designed for extreme weather conditions and feature strong impact resistance.
• CeDUR: For a synthetic option, CeDUR offers synthetic shakes that are UL 2218 Class 4 certified and mimic the look of natural wood.

A Closer Look at the Materials

The secret behind a Class 4 shingle's durability often lies in its advanced material composition. While standard asphalt shingles can be brittle in cold temperatures, Class 4 shingles frequently incorporate:

• Polymer-modified asphalt: Many manufacturers use SBS (styrene-butadiene-styrene), a rubber-like polymer, to make the asphalt more flexible and able to absorb impact energy without cracking.
• Reinforced fiberglass mats: A tougher, thicker base mat adds structural integrity and resistance to tearing, further enhancing the shingle's performance.
• Specialized granules: High-performance granules and adhesives help secure the protective top layer, preventing granule loss and extending the shingle's lifespan.

Comparing Shingle Impact Classes: 1 through 4

Understanding the differences between the impact classes is key to making an informed decision. The ratings are not just numbers; they represent specific performance thresholds in the UL 2218 test.

Impact Class	Steel Ball Diameter	Drop Height	Performance Expectation
Class 1	1.25 inches	12 feet	Withstands minor impact from small hail or debris.
Class 2	1.5 inches	15 feet	Offers improved resistance to slightly larger impacts.
Class 3	1.75 inches	17 feet	Provides good resistance to moderate hailstorms.
Class 4	2 inches	20 feet	Offers the highest possible impact resistance, ideal for severe weather areas.

The Benefits and Drawbacks of a Class 4 Roof

Investing in Class 4 shingles offers distinct advantages, but it's important to consider the full picture before committing.

Key Benefits

• Superior Hail Protection: A Class 4 roof is your best defense against large hailstones and wind-blown debris, minimizing the risk of serious damage.
• Enhanced Durability and Longevity: The use of advanced materials results in a tougher, longer-lasting roof that can withstand wear and tear over time.
• Potential Insurance Discounts: In many regions, insurance companies offer premium discounts for Class 4 roofs, which can offset the higher upfront cost over time.
• Increased Home Value: A durable, impact-resistant roof is a major selling point, increasing your home's resale value, especially in areas prone to severe weather.
• Peace of Mind: Knowing your home is protected by the highest standard of impact resistance can reduce stress during severe weather events.

Potential Drawbacks

• Higher Upfront Cost: Class 4 shingles are generally more expensive than standard shingles due to their advanced materials and construction.
• Weight Considerations: These shingles are heavier than traditional options, which may be a concern for older homes with structural limitations. A roofing contractor should assess your home's capacity.
• Aesthetic Limitations: While options are expanding, the range of styles and colors for Class 4 shingles may be more limited compared to standard shingles, especially with certain materials.

Is a Class 4 Roof the Right Investment for You?

Choosing the right shingle depends on your specific needs, location, and budget. Here are some key factors to consider:

1. Your Local Climate: If you live in a region known for frequent or severe hailstorms, a Class 4 shingle is a wise investment. For milder climates, a lower-rated shingle may be sufficient.
2. Long-Term Cost Savings: While the initial cost is higher, the potential savings on repairs and insurance premiums can make Class 4 shingles more cost-effective over the lifespan of your roof.
3. Insurance Provider: Not all insurance companies offer discounts. Always check with your agent to see if you qualify and to what extent.
4. Home's Structure: Consult a qualified roofing professional to ensure your home can support the added weight of heavier Class 4 shingles.
5. Aesthetic Priorities: Determine if the available styles and colors of Class 4 shingles meet your aesthetic preferences, or if you need to prioritize durability over design.

Conclusion: Making an Informed Choice for Your Home

When considering which shingles are class 4, it is clear that they represent the pinnacle of impact resistance and durability in roofing. For homeowners in hail-prone regions, the superior protection and potential long-term savings often justify the higher upfront investment. By understanding the UL 2218 rating, exploring the options from top manufacturers, and weighing the benefits against the costs, you can make a decision that ensures the long-term safety and value of your home. To learn more about the specifics of the rating, you can refer to resources from organizations like the Colorado Roofing Association.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the primary benefit of a Class 4 shingle?

The primary benefit is superior impact resistance, particularly against severe hail. A Class 4 shingle can withstand the force of a 2-inch steel ball dropped from 20 feet without cracking, significantly reducing the risk of storm damage.

Are Class 4 shingles significantly more expensive than standard shingles?

Yes, Class 4 shingles typically have a higher upfront cost than standard shingles. However, this initial investment is often offset by long-term savings from fewer repairs and potential discounts on homeowners' insurance premiums.

How can I tell if a shingle is Class 4 rated?

Look for the UL 2218 Class 4 label on the product packaging or material. Reputable manufacturers will clearly mark their impact-resistant shingles. A roofing professional can also help you identify and source the correct products.

Will a Class 4 roof guarantee no damage from hail?

While a Class 4 rating provides the highest level of impact resistance, it is not a guarantee against all hail damage. The rating indicates a high probability of withstanding significant impact, but extreme weather conditions can still cause issues.

Do all insurance companies offer discounts for Class 4 shingles?

No, insurance discounts for Class 4 shingles vary by state and individual insurance provider. It is essential to contact your insurance agent beforehand to confirm eligibility and the potential savings.

Are Class 4 shingles heavier than regular shingles?

Class 4 shingles are often heavier than standard asphalt shingles due to the reinforced materials used for impact resistance. For older homes, it is crucial to consult a roofing contractor to ensure your roof structure can handle the extra weight.

How long do Class 4 impact-resistant shingles last?

High-quality Class 4 shingles can have a very long lifespan, with some options lasting 30 to 50 years depending on the climate and material type. Their enhanced durability means they are less likely to need premature replacement due to storm damage.